
What will reduce fuel consumption for trucks?
What will reduce fuel consumption for trucks?
As a fleet manager, you know that reducing fuel consumption is one of the biggest challenges in managing your trucks. Rising energy prices and increasing environmental concerns make it more important than ever to identify ways to optimise fuel efficiency. There is one underestimated yet crucial element that directly impacts your trucks’ fuel use: rolling resistance. Let’s explore how this works and how you can take control of it to reduce costs and emissions.
TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) to reveal fuel inefficiencies
As you know, Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is a powerful tool that helps you identify all the costs associated with your trucks, from acquisition to daily operation. Fuel consumption is typically the largest component of the TCO, followed by driver wages, the cost of the vehicle and any associated bodywork or trailer, service, maintenance & repairs, taxes, tolls, tyres, insurance, breakdowns and smart technology such as telematics (1).
Tyres have a specific TCO that covers 5 types of direct or indirect costs, from purchase through to end-of-life:
- Tyre purchase
- Tyre cost per kilometre
- Tyre service and maintenance budget
- Tyre impact on downtime
- Tyre impact on fuel budget
Indeed, tyres play a critical role in determining how much fuel your trucks consume. And to reduce your fleet’s TCO, it’s essential to understand how.
5 physical forces oppose a truck's movement
Fuel consumption is dictated not just by the engine performance or the driver’s behaviour but also by fundamental physical forces. There are 5 main forces that resist a truck's movement. And by addressing these forces, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption.
So what are these forces?

Gravity is one of the forces that play a role in truck's fuel consumption
Gravity links the mass of the vehicle to that of the Earth.

Inertia prevents the truck from gaining speed
Inertia prevents the vehicle from gaining speed.

Aerodynamic drag also plays a role in truck's fuel consumption
The resistance created by air pushing against the vehicle as it moves.

Mechanical friction is a resistance due to the truck's components.
The resistance within the truck’s components, such as the engine and axles.

Rolling resistance is responsible for 15% to 35% of a truck's fuel consumption
The energy loss caused by tyre deformation as the truck moves.
Of these, rolling resistance is often underestimated, yet it is responsible for 15 to 35% of a truck’s fuel consumption 2, depending on the usage. This makes it one of the most critical factors to address when seeking ways to reduce fuel consumption.
Why is rolling resistance important?
Rolling resistance directly impacts fuel consumption. The more energy a tyre loses through deformation, the harder the engine has to work, resulting in greater fuel usage.
It occurs because truck tyres deform when they come into contact with the road. This deformation uses energy, and some of that energy is lost as heat rather than contributing to forward motion.
A very hard wheel on a very hard ground would mean very little rolling resistance. Railroads are a great example of this phenomenon. But with tyres, it's a different story.
In addition to the truck's weight, load and load distribution are two factors that can have an impact on rolling resistance.
● Pressure levels:
Under-inflated tyres deform more easily, producing unnecessary resistance and increasing fuel consumption.
For example, for a typical tri-axle semi-trailer travelling long distances, the vehicle’s overall fuel consumption increases by around 1.7% when just a single tyre is under-inflated 3.
You can reduce these effects by ensuring regular pressure checks.

Under inflated tyres produce unnecessary resistance which increases fuel consumption
● Tyre composition:
The material properties of a tyre determine its flexibility, grip, and ability to resist deformation.
Tyre composition is our specialty. At Michelin, we have therefore studied the question to optimise rolling resistance as much as possible.
Michelin's innovations to reduce truck fuel consumption
Obtaining lower rolling resistance is one of the most effective ways of reducing fuel consumption. So, with that in mind, Michelin developed innovative solutions to address this challenge.
One breakthrough came in 1992 when Michelin introduced silica into tyre composition. Silica reduces internal friction within the rubber, significantly lowering rolling resistance without compromising grip or durability.
Other MICHELIN technologies help reduce fuel consumption as well, whether through lower rolling resistance or through optimized wear performance. With MICHELIN INFINICOIL technology, a continuous steel wire up to 400 meters long is wrapped around the tyre to enhance its stability over its lifespan. The tyre's increased durability at higher load capacities results in enhanced fuel efficiency and greater casing mileage potential.
MICHELIN POWERCOIL technology involves high-strength steel cables infused with rubber in the tyre. These enhance casing endurance and casing mileage potential, as well, while also reducing rolling resistance.
Finally, MICHELIN-patented REGENION technology, enabled by 3D metal printing techniques, provides solid grip over the tire’s lifetime with new grooves emerging as the tyre wears. Plus, the more compact and rigid tread pattern provides higher mileage, more consistent wear and lower fuel consumption.
That's why our truck tyres are designed to offer an optimised rolling resistance.
The benefits of optimised rolling resistance
Optimised rolling resistance has a positive effect on both your costs and the environment.
1. Economic savings: Trucks fitted with optimised tyres consume less fuel, which reduces operating costs. Over time, these savings can be substantial, especially for large fleets.
Use our calculator to estimate your fuel savings
2. Reduced carbon emissions: Every used litre of fuel produces approximately 3,24kg of CO24. By improving rolling resistance, trucks consume less fuel and therefore emit less CO2.
3. Enhanced tyre lifespan: Tyres with reduced deformation wear more evenly and more slowly, leading to longer replacement intervals and lower replacement costs.
Conclusion
While many factors contribute to reducing fuel consumption, rolling resistance stands out as a critical and actionable element. Addressing it through innovative tyre technology and optimal inflation can lead to significant savings in both fuel and environmental impact.
By prioritising these measures, you can not only reduce operational costs, but also contribute to a more sustainable future.
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(1) ETUDE DUCKER, “TCO Running costs for trucks fleets”, Report Feb 2024, CMI Europe
(2) Internal calculation presented at the 17th International Symposium on Heavy Vehicle Transport & Technology: Australia – 2023, results available here: https://hvttforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/HVTT17_paper_0454_Domprobst.pdf
(3) Internal Michelin calculations
(4) The emissions factor of 3.24 kg of CO2 for 1 litre of diesel comes from the life cycle assessment conducted by ADEME for pure diesel. It includes emissions during the diesel production stages (17%) and during its combustion (83%). Source: ADEME, Study «Well to wheel - JEC», v4, july 2014.